The Relationship Between Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and Hypertension Among Nasi Kapau Vendors

Abstract

Hypertension is a health issue linked to diet and physical activity. Nasi kapau vendors often consume foods that are potentially high in fat and sodium. According to data from the Bukittinggi City Health Office, in 2025, the number of people with hypertension was 8,329. This study aimed to determine the association between diet, physical activity, and the incidence of hypertension among nasi kapau vendors at Benteng Pasar Atas, Bukittinggi City. A cross sectional study design was employed, involving 48 respondents selected via total sampling. Data were collected using a semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and blood pressure measurements. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the chi square test. The results showed that 60.4% of respondents had hypertension, 77.1% had poor dietary habits, and 72.9% engaged in moderate physical activity. Diet was associated with hypertension (p=0.003), whereas physical activity was not (p=0.079). Thus, diet showed a significant association with hypertension, while physical activity did not. Vendors are advised to limit their intake of high fat and high sodium foods and to increase their consumption of vegetables and fruits.