Postpartum Blues Based on Delivery Method: A Cross-Sectional Study at RSIA Sayang Ibu Batusangkar

Abstract

Background: The incidence of postpartum blues in Indonesia is high, reaching 57% (BKKBN, 2024). Postpartum blues can be influenced by hormonal factors, delivery method, maternal age, and social support. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between delivery method (normal vaginal delivery vs. cesarean section) and the incidence of postpartum blues. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design was used. The population was all postpartum mothers at RSIA Sayang Ibu Batusangkar from January to March 2024 (N=70). Total sampling was employed. Data were collected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Analysis used univariate (frequency distribution) and bivariate (Chi-square test with 95% CI). Results: Most mothers had normal delivery (51.4%) and 48.6% had cesarean section. The incidence of postpartum blues was 47.1%. There was a significant relationship between delivery method and postpartum blues (p=0.009; OR=4.167; 95% CI: 1.512–11.482). Mothers with cesarean section were 4.2 times more likely to experience postpartum blues. Conclusion: Delivery method is significantly associated with postpartum blues. It is recommended that healthcare providers perform routine screening using EPDS and provide antenatal preparation, especially for mothers with planned cesarean section.